gout

A 59-year-old with recurrent gout, on multiple medications, has started allopurinol and naproxen. The uric acid level is 0.58. What is the target uric acid level?

A 45-year-old man presents to the clinic with a 2-week history of a painful, swollen left knee. He denies any trauma or fever. On examination, the knee is warm, swollen, and tender with a limited range of motion. Aspiration of the knee joint reveals cloudy fluid with a white blood cell count of 50,000/mm³ and needle-shaped crystals that are negatively birefringent under polarized light microscopy. What is the most appropriate initial treatment for this condition?

A 56-year-old gentleman, a gardener and cat owner, presents with 24 hours of pain, swelling, and redness on his right index finger. His temperature is 38.1°C and pulse is 72. Suspected gout. What is the most appropriate next step?